What is the REAL ID Act?
Posted on: August 27th, 2015
Updated on: May 15th, 2025
The federal REAL ID Act of 2005 is a federal law that sets nationwide standards for the issuance of state-issued driver licenses and identification cards. Its primary goal is to enhance the security and integrity of identity documents used for official federal purposes.
Starting May 7, 2025, individuals will need a REAL ID-compliant license or another acceptable form of identification to board domestic flights or access certain federal facilities according to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
How is a REAL ID Different From My Current ID?
A REAL ID-compliant license or ID card is distinguishable by a star, often gold or black, in the upper right-hand corner. This star signifies that the document meets federal security standards.
In contrast, non-compliant IDs typically bear markings such as "Not for Federal Identification" or "Federal Limits Apply," indicating they cannot be used for federal purposes like boarding commercial aircraft or entering secure federal buildings.
It's important to note that while a REAL ID serves as a valid form of identification for federal purposes, it is not mandatory for everyone. Individuals who possess a valid U.S. passport, military ID, or other federally accepted documents may not need a REAL ID.
Why Should I Care About the REAL ID Act?
The REAL ID Act was enacted in response to the 9/11 Commission's recommendation to establish federal standards for identification documents. Its implementation aims to:
- Enhance National Security: By setting uniform standards, the act helps prevent the use of fraudulent IDs.
- Streamline Identification Processes: Federal agencies can more efficiently verify identities, reducing potential threats.
- Facilitate Travel and Access: A REAL ID-compliant license or ID card simplifies the process of boarding domestic flights and entering federal facilities.
Failing to obtain a REAL ID by the enforcement date could result in denied access to these services, leading to potential inconveniences.
How Do Different States Interpret this Act?
While the REAL ID Act sets federal standards for identification, each state has flexibility in how it implements the law. This has led to different timelines, document requirements, and license options across the country.
Here's a look at how a few states from different regions are handling it:
California
California offers both REAL ID-compliant and federally non-compliant licenses. Residents can choose which version they prefer depending on their travel and identification needs. The REAL ID version is required for boarding domestic flights and entering federal buildings starting May 7, 2025. The standard license, labeled "Federal Limits Apply," is still valid for driving and other basic purposes within the state.
Texas
Texas has fully adopted the REAL ID program. All new or renewed driver licenses or ID cards are REAL ID-compliant by default, as long as applicants provide the required documents. REAL IDs in Texas are marked with a gold star in the upper right corner.
Illinois
Illinois offers both standard licenses and REAL ID-compliant versions. To apply for a REAL ID, residents must visit a Secretary of State Driver Services facility in person and bring documentation such as a birth certificate, Social Security Number, and proof of residency. Illinois encourages early applications to avoid last-minute backlogs.
New York
New York provides three types of IDs: a Standard ID, a REAL ID, and an Enhanced Driver License (EDL). The REAL ID meets federal requirements for air travel and federal building access, while the EDL also allows land and sea travel to Canada, Mexico, and some Caribbean countries. New York residents must decide which one fits their travel and identification needs best.
How Do I Get a REAL ID?
To apply for a REAL ID, follow these general steps:
1. Visit Your Local DMV
Schedule an appointment or check if walk-ins are accepted.
2. Provide Required Documentation
- Proof of Identity: Such as a birth certificate, U.S. passport, or Permanent Resident Card.
- Social Security Number: Present your Social Security card, W-2 form, or pay stub with your full Social Security Number.
- Proof of Residency: Two documents like utility bills, lease agreements, or bank statements showing your current address.
- Legal Name Change Documents: If applicable, provide a certified copy of a marriage certificate or court order.
3. Complete the Application
Fill out the necessary forms provided by the DMV.
4. Pay the Fee
Fees vary by state; check with your local DMV for exact amounts.
5. Receive Your REAL ID
Processing times can vary; some states issue the ID immediately, while others mail it within a few weeks.
Remember, requirements can differ slightly between states, so it's crucial to consult your state's DMV website for detailed information.
What is the REAL ID Act FAQs
1. Do I need a REAL ID to fly domestically?
Yes, starting May 7, 2025, a REAL ID-compliant license or another acceptable form of identification (like a U.S. passport) will be required to board domestic flights.
2. Can I use my current driver's license to enter federal buildings?
Only if it's REAL ID-compliant. Otherwise, you'll need an alternative form of identification accepted by federal agencies.
3. Is a passport a valid alternative to a REAL ID?
Yes, a valid U.S. passport can be used for domestic flights and accessing federal facilities, making it an acceptable alternative to a REAL ID.
4. What if I don't have a Social Security Number?
Applicants without a Social Security Number must provide documentation from the Social Security Administration stating their ineligibility.
5. Are Enhanced Driver Licenses (EDLs) the same as REAL IDs?
EDLs issued by certain states meet REAL ID standards and also allow for land and sea travel to Canada and Mexico. Check with your state's DMV to confirm.
Obtaining a REAL ID ensures compliance with federal regulations and facilitates smoother travel and access to federal services. By understanding the requirements and processes involved, you can make informed decisions about your identification needs.
